Introduction A 55 year-old male presented with constant head pressure, brain fog, headaches, chronic sinus infections, lung nodules, daily productive cough, dizziness, tinnitus and memory decline for the last 10 years. Examination and Diagnosis History examination revealed the patient had been exposed to toxic mold over 10 years ago and the patient suffered a severe…
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Every cell in our body contains receptor sites for thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones are responsible for the most basic and fundamental aspect of our physiology, metabolism and more. Our thyroid is the center of our cellular metabolism and is extremely sensitive to minor imbalances in our bodies. Thyroid dysfunction is prevalent in our society and…
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Introduction A 28 year old female presented with a moderate traumatic brain injury that was sustained during a motor vehicle accident. Her main complaints were fatigue, headache, and facial muscle paresis on the left side. Examination Examination revealed autonomic dysfunction with left sided brainstem dysfunction. Patient’s orthostatic vitals on the initial exam were as follows:…
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Having a concussion is an unfortunate and unexpected event for millions of people every year. We know it can be difficult to navigate what to do next and where to turn. Our doctors have put together a list of their recommendations for an immediate course of action for those who have sustained a concussion. Rule…
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Introduction A 19 year-old female was diagnosed with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) and Ehlers Danlos Syndrome (EDS). Patient had been wheelchair bound for nearly 3 years due to severe joint pain, vertigo and dizziness making her unable to walk without falling. Her chief complaints were chronic vertigo, dizziness, fatigue, brain fog, lightheadedness and nausea.…
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By now, most of us have read about the long-term effects that COVID-19 is having on some of the population. This is being called “Long COVID.” The long-term effects can almost all be categorized under the umbrella term “dysautonomia,” or the dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. As functional neurologists, we have known for a…
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Glucose is an essential fuel source for our brain. Our brain requires 25-35% of our blood glucose throughout the day. It is important to maintain a steady state of glucose in our blood. Insulin and glucose responses have significant impacts on amino acid/protein transport through the blood brain barrier. Fluctuations in insulin and glucose levels…
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Caffeine and its role as an abortive or trigger for migraines has been long debated. It creates a lot of confusion for patients as many migraine relief medications or over the counter abortive medications contain caffeine in their chemical compound! We have patients that know that if they miss their morning cup of coffee, they…
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Introduction A 13 year-old female presented with POTS and intermittent vasovagal syncope. Her chief complaints were syncopal episodes, difficulty with motor coordination, numbness in legs, anxiety, chest pain, dizziness, headaches, and fatigue. Examination and Diagnosis A neurological examination revealed right cerebellar dysfunction, orthostatic intolerance, and a decreased cortisol awakening response. Treatment The patient was initially…
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Introduction A 35 year-old female presented with autonomic dysfunction. Her chief complaints were brain fog, dizziness, migraines, anxiety, gastrointestinal issues, sleep disturbances and neck pain. Examination and Diagnosis A neurological examination revealed mesencephalic dysfunction, orthostatic intolerance, low vitamin D levels and elevated cortisol levels throughout the day. Treatment The patient was initially treated 2x per…
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